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The promising application of femtosecond laser filamentation in atmosphericremote sensing brings imperative demand for diagnosing the spatiotemporaldynamics of filamentation. Acoustic emission (AE) during filamentation opens adoor to give the insight into the dynamic evolution of filaments in air. Inparticular, the frequency features of the acoustic emission provide relevantinformation on the conversion of laser energy to acoustic energy. Here, theacoustic emission of femtosecond laser filament manipulated by energy and thefocal lengths was measured quantitatively by a broadband microphone, and theacoustic parameters were compared and analyzed. Our results showed that theacoustic power presents a squared dependence on the laser energy and thebandwidth of the acoustic spectrum showed a significant positive correlationwith laser energy deposition. It was found that the spectrum of the acousticpulse emitted from the middle of the filament has a larger bandwidth comparedto those emitted from the ends of the filament and the spectrum of the acousticpulse is also an indicator of the filament intensity distribution. Thesefindings are helpful for studying the plasma filament properties and complexdynamic processes through acoustic parameters and allow the optimization ofremote applications.

Acoustic diagnostics of femtosecond laser filamentation