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Two-dimensional materials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs),have the potential to revolutionize the field of electronics and photonics dueto their unique physical and structural properties. This research presents anovel method for synthesizing crystalline TMDCs crystals with < 10 nm sizeusing ultra-fast migration of vacancies at elevated temperatures. Throughin-situ and ex-situ processing and using atomic-level characterizationtechniques, we analyze the shape, size, crystallinity, composition, and straindistribution of these nanocrystals. These nanocrystals exhibit electronicstructure signatures that differ from the 2D bulk i.e., uniform mono andmultilayers. Further, our in-situ, vacuum-based synthesis technique allowsobservation and comparison of defect and phase evolution in these crystalsformed under van der Waals heterostructure confinement versus unconfinedconditions. Overall, this research demonstrates a solid-state route tosynthesizing uniform nanocrystals of TMDCs and lays the foundation formaterials science in confined 2D spaces under extreme conditions.

Ultra-fast Vacancy Migration: A Novel Approach for Synthesizing Sub-10 nm Crystalline Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Nanocrystals