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Today's state of the art precision experiments in quantum, gravimetry,navigation, time keeping, and fundamental science have strict requirements onthe level and spectral distribution of laser frequency noise. For example, thelaser interaction with atoms and qubits requires ultra-low frequency noise atmultiple offset frequencies due to hyperfine atomic transitions, motionalsidebands, and fast pulse sequencing. Chip-scale integration of lasers thatmeet these requirements is essential for reliability, low-cost, and weight.Here, we demonstrate a significant advancement in atomic precision lightsources by realizing a chip-scale, low-cost, 780 nm laser for rubidium atomapplications with record-low 640 mHz (white noise floor at 0.2 Hz$^2$/Hz)fundamental and 732 Hz integral linewidths and a frequency noise that ismultiple orders of magnitude lower than previous hybrid and heterogeneousself-injection locked 780 nm lasers and lower noise than bulk microresonatorimplementations. The laser is a Fabry-P\'erot laser diode self-injection lockedto an ultra-high Q photonic integrated silicon nitride resonator. Thisperformance is enabled by a 145 million resonator Q with a 30 dB extinctionratio, the highest Q at 780 nm, to the best of our knowledge. We analyze theimpact of our frequency noise on specific atomic applications including atomicfrequency references, Rydberg quantum gates, and cold atom gravimeters. Thephotonic integrated resonator is fabricated using a CMOS foundry-compatible,wafer-scale process, with demonstrated integration of other components showingpromise for a full system-on-a-chip. This performance is scalable to othervisible atomic wavelengths, opening the door to a variety of transitions acrossmany atomic species and enabling low-power, compact, ultra-low noise lasersimpacting applications including quantum sensing, computing, clocks and more.

Chip-Scale, Sub-Hz Fundamental Sub-kHz Integral Linewidth 780 nm Laser  through Self-Injection-Locking a Fabry-P\'erot laser to an Ultra-High Q  Integrated Resonator