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Seeley and Wordsworth (2021) showed that in small-domain cloud-resolvingsimulations the pattern of precipitation transforms in extremely hot climates($\ge$ 320 K) from quasi-steady to organized episodic deluges, with outburstsof heavy rain alternating with several dry days. They proposed a mechanism forthis transition involving increased water vapor absorption of solar radiationleading to net lower-tropospheric radiative heating. This heating inhibitslower-tropospheric convection and decouples the boundary layer from the uppertroposphere during the dry phase, allowing lower-tropospheric moist staticenergy to build until it discharges, resulting in a deluge. We performcloud-resolving simulations in polar night and show that the same transitionoccurs, implying that some revision of their mechanism is necessary. We showthat episodic deluges can occur even if the lower-tropospheric radiativeheating rate is negative, as long as the magnitude of the upper-troposphericradiative cooling is about twice as large. We find that in the episodic delugeregime the mean precipitation can be inferred from the atmospheric columnenergy budget and the period can be predicted from the time for radiation andreevaporation to cool the lower atmosphere.

Critical role of vertical radiative cooling contrast in triggering episodic deluges in small-domain hothouse climates