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The advent of ChatGPT, a large language model-powered chatbot, has promptedquestions about its potential implications for traditional search engines. Inthis study, we investigate the differences in user behavior when employingsearch engines and chatbot tools for information-seeking tasks. We carry out arandomized online experiment, dividing participants into two groups: one usinga ChatGPT-like tool and the other using a Google Search-like tool. Our findingsreveal that the ChatGPT group consistently spends less time on all tasks, withno significant difference in overall task performance between the groups.Notably, ChatGPT levels user search performance across different educationlevels and excels in answering straightforward questions and providing generalsolutions but falls short in fact-checking tasks. Users perceive ChatGPT'sresponses as having higher information quality compared to Google Search,despite displaying a similar level of trust in both tools. Furthermore,participants using ChatGPT report significantly better user experiences interms of usefulness, enjoyment, and satisfaction, while perceived ease of useremains comparable between the two tools. However, ChatGPT may also lead tooverreliance and generate or replicate misinformation, yielding inconsistentresults. Our study offers valuable insights for search engine management andhighlights opportunities for integrating chatbot technologies into searchengine designs.

ChatGPT vs. Google: A Comparative Study of Search Performance and User Experience