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The rapidly evolving communication landscape, with the advent of 6Gtechnology, brings new challenges to the design and operation of wirelessnetworks. One of the key concerns is the energy efficiency of the Radio AccessNetwork (RAN), as the exponential growth in wireless traffic demandsincreasingly higher energy consumption. In this paper, we assess the potentialof integrating a High Altitude Platform Station (HAPS) to improve the energyefficiency of a RAN, and quantify the potential energy conservation throughmeticulously designed simulations. We propose a quantitative framework based onreal traffic patterns to estimate the energy consumption of the HAPS integratedRAN and compare it with the conventional terrestrial RAN. Our simulationresults elucidate that HAPS can significantly reduce energy consumption by upto almost 30\% by exploiting the unique advantages of HAPS, such as itsself-sustainability, high altitude, and wide coverage. We further analyze theimpact of different system parameters on performance, and provide insights forthe design and optimization of future 6G networks. Our work sheds light on thepotential of HAPS integrated RAN to mitigate the energy challenges in the 6Gera, and contributes to the sustainable development of wireless communications.

High Altitude Platform Stations: the New Network Energy Efficiency Enabler in the 6G Era