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Coalescence-jumping of condensation droplets is widely studied foranti-icing, condensation heat transfer, water harvesting and self-cleaning.Another phenomenon that is arousing interest for potential enhancements is theindividual droplet self-ejection. However, whether it is possible fromdivergent structures without detachment from pinning sites remains unexplored.Here we investigate the self-ejection of individual droplets from divergent,uniformly hydrophobic structures. We designed, fabricated and tested arrays ofnanostructured truncated microcones arranged in a square pattern. The dynamicsof the single condensation droplet is revealed with high speed microscopy: itself-ejects after cycles of growth and self-propulsion between four cones.Adopting the conical pore for simplicity, we modelled the slow iso-pressuregrowth phases and the surface energy release-driven rapid transients enabledonce a dynamic configuration is reached. In addition to easier fabrication,microcones with uniform wettability have the potential to allow self-ejectionof almost all the droplets with a precise size while maintaining mechanicalresistance and thus promising great improvements in a plethora of applications.

Single condensation droplet self-ejection from divergent structures with uniform wettability