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Monolayer (1L) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) are of strong interestin nanophotonics due to their narrow-band intense excitonic transitionspersisting up to room temperature. When brought into resonance with surfaceplasmon polariton (SPP) excitations of a conductive medium opportunities forstudying and engineering strong light-matter coupling arise. Here, we considera most simple geometry, namely a planar stack composed of a thin silver film,an Al2O3 spacer and a monolayer of WS2. We perform total internal reflectionellipsometry which combines spectroscopic ellipsometry with theKretschmann-Raether-type surface plasmon resonance configuration. The combinedamplitude and phase response of the reflected light at varied angle ofincidence proves that despite the atomic thinness of 1L-WS2, the strongcoupling (SC) regime between A excitons and SPPs propagating in the thin Agfilm is reached. The phasor representation of rho corroborates SC as rhoundergoes a topology change indicated by the occurrence of a double point atthe cross over from the weak to the strong coupling regime. Our findings arevalidated by both analytical transfer matrix method calculations and numericalMaxwell simulations. The findings open up new perspectives for applications inplasmonic modulators and sensors benefitting from the tunability of the opticalproperties of 1L-TMDCs by electric fields, electrostatic doping, light and thechemical environment.

Strong coupling of monolayer WS2 excitons and surface plasmon polaritons in a planar Ag/WS2 hybrid structure