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The capability to reach ultracold atomic temperatures in compact instrumentshas recently been extended into space. Ultracold temperatures amplify quantumeffects, while free-fall allows further cooling and longer interactions timewith gravity - the final force without a quantum description. On Earth, thesedevices have produced macroscopic quantum phenomena such as Bose-Einsteincondensation (BECs), superfluidity, and strongly interacting quantum gases.Quantum sensors interfering the superposition of two ultracold atomic isotopeshave tested the Universality of Free Fall (UFF), a core tenet of Einstein'sclassical gravitational theory, at the $10^{-12}$ level. In space, cooling theelements needed to explore the rich physics of strong interactions andpreparing the multiple species required for quantum tests of the UFF hasremained elusive. Here, utilizing upgraded capabilities of the multi-user ColdAtom Lab (CAL) instrument within the International Space Station (ISS), wereport the first simultaneous production of a dual species Bose-Einsteincondensate in space (formed from $^{87}$Rb and $^{41}$K), observation ofinterspecies interactions, as well as the production of $^{39}$K ultracoldgases. We have further achieved the first space-borne demonstration ofsimultaneous atom interferometry with two atomic species ($^{87}$Rb and$^{41}$K). These results are an important step towards quantum tests of UFF inspace, and will allow scientists to investigate aspects of few-body physics,quantum chemistry, and fundamental physics in novel regimes without theperturbing asymmetry of gravity.

Quantum Gas Mixtures and Dual-Species Atom Interferometry in Space