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Characterizing the anchoring properties of smectic liquid crystals (LCs) incontact with bacterial solutions is crucial for developing biosensingplatforms. In this study, we investigate the anchoring properties of a smecticLC when exposed to Bacillus Subtilis and Escherichia coli bacterial solutionsusing interfaces with known anchoring properties. By monitoring the opticalresponse of the smectic film, we successfully distinguish different types ofbacteria, leveraging the distinct changes in the LC's response. Through acomprehensive analysis of the interactions between bacterial proteins and thesmectic interface, we elucidate the potential underlying mechanisms responsiblefor these optical changes. Additionally, we introduce the utilization oftopological defects; the focal conic domains (FCDs), at the smectic interfaceas an indicative measure of the bacterial concentration. Our findingsdemonstrate the significant potential of smectic LCs and their defects forbiosensing applications and contribute to our understanding of bacteria- LCinteractions, paving the way for advancements in pathogen detection andprotein-based sensing.

Topological defects at smectic interfaces as a potential tool for the biosensing of living microorganisms