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Dark modes represent a class of forbidden transitions or transitions withweak dipole moments between energy states. Due to their low transitionprobability, it is difficult to realize their interaction with light, let aloneachieve the strong interaction of the modes with the photons in a cavity.However, by mutual coupling with a bright mode, the strong interaction of darkmodes with photons is possible. This type of mediated interaction is widelyinvestigated in the metamaterials community and is known under the termelectromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Here, we report strong couplingbetween a plasmonic dark mode of an EIT-like metamaterial with the photons of a1D photonic crystal cavity in the terahertz frequency range. The couplingbetween the dark mode and the cavity photons is mediated by a plasmonic brightmode, which is proven by the observation of a frequency splitting which dependson the strength of the inductive interaction between the plasmon bright anddark modes of the EIT-like metamaterial. In addition, since the plasmonic darkmode strongly couples with the cavity dark mode, we observes four polaritonmodes. The frequency splitting by interaction of the four modes (plasmonicbright and dark mode and the two eigenmodes of the photonic cavity) can bereproduced in the framework of a model of four coupled harmonic oscillators.

Strong coupling of plasmonic bright and dark modes with two eigenmodes of a photonic crystal cavity