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Entanglement, the non-local correlations present in multipartite quantumsystems, is a curious feature of quantum mechanics and the fuel of quantumtechnology. It is therefore a major priority to develop energy-conserving andsimple methods for generating high-fidelity entangled states. In the case oflight, entanglement can be realized by interactions with matter, although therequired nonlinear interaction is typically weak, thereby limiting itsapplicability. Here, we show how a single two-level emitter deterministicallycoupled to light in a nanophotonic waveguide is used to realize genuinephotonic quantum entanglement for excitation at the single photon level. Byvirtue of the efficient optical coupling, two-photon interactions are stronglymediated by the emitter realizing a giant nonlinearity that leads toentanglement. We experimentally generate and verify energy-time entanglement byviolating a Bell inequality (Clauder-Horne-Shimony-Holt Bell parameter of$S=2.67(16)>2$) in an interferometric measurement of the two-photon scatteringresponse. As an attractive feature of this approach, the two-level emitter actsas a passive scatterer initially prepared in the ground state, i.e., noadvanced spin control is required. This experiment is a fundamental advancementthat may pave a new route for ultra-low energy-consuming synthesis of photonicentangled states for quantum simulators or metrology.

Violation of Bell inequality by photon scattering on a two-level emitter