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As a promising technique for high-mobility wireless communications,orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) has been proved to enjoy excellentadvantages with respect to traditional orthogonal frequency divisionmultiplexing (OFDM). Although multiple studies have considered index modulation(IM) based OTFS (IM-OTFS) schemes to further improve system performance, achallenging and open problem is the development of effective IM schemes andefficient receivers for practical OTFS systems that must operate in thepresence of channel delays and Doppler shifts. In this paper, we propose twonovel block-wise IM schemes for OTFS systems, named delay-IM with OTFS(DeIM-OTFS) and Doppler-IM with OTFS (DoIM-OTFS), where a block ofdelay/Doppler resource bins are activated simultaneously. Based on a maximumlikelihood (ML) detector, we analyze upper bounds on the average bit errorrates for the proposed DeIM-OTFS and DoIM-OTFS schemes, and verify theirperformance advantages over the existing IM-OTFS systems. We also develop amulti-layer joint symbol and activation pattern detection (MLJSAPD) algorithmand a customized message passing detection (CMPD) algorithm for our proposedDeIMOTFS and DoIM-OTFS systems with low complexity. Simulation resultsdemonstrate that our proposed MLJSAPD and CMPD algorithms can achieve desiredperformance with robustness to the imperfect channel state information (CSI).

Block-Wise Index Modulation and Receiver Design for High-Mobility OTFS Communications