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Adding moving boundaries to convective fluids is known to result innontrivial and surprising dynamics, leading to spectacular geoformationsranging from the kilometer-scale karst terrains to the planetary-scale platetectonics. On one hand, the moving solid alters the surrounding flow field, buton the other hand, the flow modifies the motion and shape of the solid. Thisleads to a two-way coupling that is significant in the study of fluid-structureinteractions and in the understanding of geomorphologies. In this work, weinvestigate the coupling between a floating plate and the convective fluidbelow it. Through numerical experiments, we show the motion of this plate isdriven by the flow beneath. However the flow structure is also modified by thepresence of this plate, leading to the "thermal blanket" effect where thetrapped heat beneath the plate results in buoyant and upwelling flows that inturn push the plate away. By analyzing this two-way coupling between movingboundary and fluid, we are able to capture the dynamical behaviors of thisplate through a low-dimensional stochastic model. Geophysically, the thermalblanket effect is believed to drive the continental drift, thereforeunderstanding this mechanism has significance beyond fluid dynamics.

Covering convection with a thermal blanket: numerical simulation and stochastic modeling