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The electrical transport properties of Pb$_x$(TiO$_2$)$_{1-x}$ ($x$ being thePb volume fraction) granular films are investigated experimentally. Thecharging energy of the Pb granules is reduced to less than the superconductinggap of Pb granules for the low temperature insulating films by using high-$k$dielectric TiO$_2$ as the insulating matrix. For the insulating films in thevicinity of the superconductor-insulator transition, Cooper-pair hoppinggoverns the low-temperature hopping transport. For these films, thelow-temperature magnetoresistance is positive at low field and the resistivityvs temperature for Cooper-pair hopping obeys an Efros-Shklovsii-typevariable-range-hopping law. A crossover from Cooper-pair-dominated hopping tosingle-electron-dominated hopping is observed with decreasing $x$. Theemergence of single-electron-dominated hopping in the more insulating films isdue to the causation that the intergrain Josephson coupling becomes too weakfor Cooper pairs to hop between adjacent superconducting Pb granules.

Crossover From Cooper-Pair Hopping to Single-Electron Hopping in Pb$_x$(TiO$_2$)$_{1-x}$ Granular Films