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This document presents the initial scientific case for upgrading theContinuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at Jefferson Lab (JLab)to 22 GeV. It is the result of a community effort, incorporating insights froma series of workshops conducted between March 2022 and April 2023. With a trackrecord of over 25 years in delivering the world's most intense and precisemulti-GeV electron beams, CEBAF's potential for a higher energy upgradepresents a unique opportunity for an innovative nuclear physics program, whichseamlessly integrates a rich historical background with a promising future. Theproposed physics program encompass a diverse range of investigations centeredaround the nonperturbative dynamics inherent in hadron structure and theexploration of strongly interacting systems. It builds upon the exceptionalcapabilities of CEBAF in high-luminosity operations, the availability ofexisting or planned Hall equipment, and recent advancements in acceleratortechnology. The proposed program cover various scientific topics, includingHadron Spectroscopy, Partonic Structure and Spin, Hadronization and TransverseMomentum, Spatial Structure, Mechanical Properties, Form Factors and EmergentHadron Mass, Hadron-Quark Transition, and Nuclear Dynamics at ExtremeConditions, as well as QCD Confinement and Fundamental Symmetries. Each topichighlights the key measurements achievable at a 22 GeV CEBAF accelerator.Furthermore, this document outlines the significant physics outcomes and uniqueaspects of these programs that distinguish them from other existing or plannedfacilities. In summary, this document provides an exciting rationale for theenergy upgrade of CEBAF to 22 GeV, outlining the transformative scientificpotential that lies within reach, and the remarkable opportunities it offersfor advancing our understanding of hadron physics and related fundamentalphenomena.

Strong Interaction Physics at the Luminosity Frontier with 22 GeV Electrons at Jefferson Lab