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Thermo-osmotic flow around a microparticle in a liquid is characterized byobserving and analyzing the distribution of tiny particles, i.e., tracers, nearthe microparticle's surface. First, an optical trapping laser is used tolocalize the tracer motion along a circular path near the circumference of themicroparticle. Then, upon creating an overall temperature gradient in theliquid, the tracers on the circular path, originally uniformly distributed,gather towards the hotter side of the microparticle, indicating a flow alongthe particle toward the hot. Analyzing the tracer distribution further, it isfound that (i) the flow magnitude decreases with the distance from the surface,and (ii) changing the surface property of the microparticle results in a changein the flow magnitude. These show that the observed flow is a thermally inducedslip flow along the microparticle's surface. Then, assuming a simple slipboundary condition for a fluid equation, we evaluate the magnitude of the slipcoefficient based on two experimental data: (i) the thermophoretic velocity ofthe microparticle and (ii) the thermo-osmotic flow around the microparticle.The results of the two approaches are in quantitative agreement. They are alsocompared with those of theoretical models for a slip flow in existing studies.

Thermo-osmotic slip flows around a thermophoretic microparticle characterized by optical trapping of tracers