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When planktonic bacteria adhere together to a surface, they begin to formbiofilms, or communities of bacteria. Biofilm formation in a host can beextremely problematic if left untreated, especially since antibiotics can beineffective in treating the bacteria. Certain lung diseases such as cysticfibrosis can cause the formation of biofilms in the lungs and can be fatal.With antibiotic-resistant bacteria, the use of phage therapy has beenintroduced as an alternative or an additive to the use of antibiotics in orderto combat biofilm growth. Phage therapy utilizes phages, or viruses that attackbacteria, in order to penetrate and eradicate biofilms. In order to evaluatethe effectiveness of phage therapy against biofilm bacteria, we adapt anordinary differential equation model to describe the dynamics of phage-biofilmcombat in the lungs. We then create our own phage-biofilm model with ordinarydifferential equations and stochastic modeling. Then, simulations of parameteralterations in both models are investigated to assess how they will affect theefficiency of phage therapy against bacteria. By increasing the phage mortalityrate, the biofilm growth can be balanced and allow the biofilm to be morevulnerable to antibiotics. Thus, phage therapy is an effective aid in biofilmtreatment.

Understanding Biofilm-Phage Interactions in Cystic Fibrosis Patients Using Mathematical Frameworks