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Flow fluctuations have recently emerged as a promising hemodynamic metric forunderstanding the rupture risk of intracranial aneurysms. Severalinvestigations have reported in the literature corresponding flow instabilitiesusing established computational fluid dynamics tools. In this study, theoccurrence of flow fluctuations is investigated using either Newtonian ornon-Newtonian fluid models in patient-specific intracranial aneurysms usinghigh-resolution lattice Boltzmann method simulations. Flow instabilities arequantified by computing power spectral density, proper orthogonal decompositionand spectral entropy, and fluctuating kinetic energy of velocity fluctuations.Furthermore, these hemodynamic parameters are compared between the ruptured andunruptured aneurysms. Our simulations reveal that the pulsatile inflow throughthe neck in a ruptured aneurysm is subject to a hydrodynamic instabilityleading to high-frequency fluctuations around the rupture position throughoutthe entire cardiac cycle. At other locations, the flow instability is onlyobserved during the deceleration phase; typically, the fluctuations begin therejust after peak systole, gradually decay, and the flow returns to its original,laminar pulsatile state during diastole. In the unruptured aneurysm, there isonly minimal difference between Newtonian and non-Newtonian results. In theruptured case, using the non-Newtonian model leads to a considerable increaseof the fluctuations within the aneurysm sac.

Comparative study of flow fluctuations in ruptured and unruptured intracranial aneurysms: A lattice Boltzmann study