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Two-dimensional pin array tactile displays enable access to tactile graphicsthat are important for the education of students with visual impairments. Dueto their prohibitive cost, limited access, and limited research within HCI, therules to design graphical primitives on these low-resolution tactile displaysare unclear. In this paper, eight tactile readers with visual impairmentsqualitatively evaluate the implementation of Pixel Art to create tactilegraphical primitives on a pin array display. Every pin of the pin array isassumed to be a pixel on a pixel grid. Our findings suggest that Pixel Arttactile graphics on a pin array are clear and comprehensible to tactilereaders, positively confirming its use to design basic tactile shapes and linesegments. The guidelines provide a framework to create tactile media whichimplies that the guidelines can be used to downsize basic shapes forrefreshable pin-array displays.

Pixelated Interactions: Exploring Pixel Art for Graphical Primitives on a Tactile Display