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The Walras approach to equilibrium focuses on the existence of market pricesat which the total demands for goods are matched by the total supplies. Tradingactivities that might identify such prices by bringing agents together aspotential buyers and sellers of a good are characteristically absent, however.Anyway, there is no money to pass from one to the other as ordinarilyenvisioned in buying and selling. Here a different approach to equilibrium --what it should mean and how it may be achieved -- is offered as a constructivealternative.  Agents operate in an economic environment where adjustments to holdings havebeen needed in the past, will be needed again in a changed future, and money isfamiliar for its role in facilitating that. Marginal utility provides relativevalues of goods for guidance in making incremental adjustments, and with moneyincorporated into utility and taken as num\`eraire, those values give moneyprice thresholds at which an agent will be willing to buy or sell. Agents inpairs can then look at such individualized thresholds to see whether a trade ofsome amount of a good for some amount of money may be mutually advantageous inleading to higher levels of utility. Iterative bilateral trades in this mostbasic sense, if they keep bringing all goods and agents into play, areguaranteed in the limit to reach an equilibrium state in which the agents allagree on prices and, under those prices, have no interest in further adjustingtheir holdings. The results of computer simulations are provided to illustratehow this works.

Reaching an equilibrium of prices and holdings of goods through direct buying and selling