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In this Letter, we systematically investigate the Leidenfrost temperature forhot solid substrates with various thermal diffusivities and surfaceroughnesses. Based on the experimental results, we build a phenomenologicalmodel that considers the thermal diffusivity of a solid substrate and derive arelationship between the surface roughness and the resulting vapor filmthickness. The generality of this model is supported by experimental data fordifferent liquids and solid substrates. Our model thus allows for a theoreticalprediction of the Leidenfrost temperature and develops a comprehensiveunderstanding of the Leidenfrost effect.

How roughness and thermal properties of a solid substrate determine the Leidenfrost temperature: Experiments and a model