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The galaxy-galaxy lensing technique allows us to measure the subhalo mass ofsatellite galaxies, studying their mass loss and evolution within galaxyclusters and providing direct observational validation for theories of galaxyformation. In this study, we use the weak gravitational lensing observationsfrom DECaLS DR8, in combination with the redMaPPer galaxy cluster catalog fromSDSS DR8 to accurately measure the dark matter halo mass of satellite galaxies.We confirm a significant increase in the stellar-to-halo mass ratio ofsatellite galaxies with their halo-centric radius, indicating clear evidence ofmass loss due to tidal stripping. Additionally, we find that this mass loss isstrongly dependent on the mass of the satellite galaxies, with satellitegalaxies above $10^{11}~{\rm M_{\odot}/h}$ experiencing more pronounced massloss compared to lower mass satellites, reaching 86\% at projected halo-centricradius $0.5R_{\rm 200c}$. The average mass loss rate, when not consideringhalo-centric radius, displays a U-shaped variation with stellar mass, withgalaxies of approximately $4\times10^{10}~{\rm M_{\odot}/h}$ exhibiting theleast mass loss, around 60\%. We compare our results with state-of-the-arthydrodynamical numerical simulations and find that the satellite galaxystellar-to-halo mass ratio in the outskirts of galaxy clusters is highercompared to the predictions of the Illustris-TNG project about factor 5.Furthermore, the Illustris-TNG project's numerical simulations did not predictthe observed dependence of satellite galaxy mass loss rate on satellite galaxymass.

Assessing Mass Loss and Stellar-to-Halo Mass Ratio of Satellite Galaxies: A Galaxy-Galaxy Lensing Approach Utilizing DECaLS DR8 Data