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Characterizing the fluid-driven fracture tip advancing process presents asignificant challenge due to the difficulty of replicating real-worldconditions in laboratory experiments and the lack of precise fieldmeasurements. However, recent advances in low-frequency distributed acousticsensing (LF-DAS) technology offer new opportunities to investigate the dynamicsof propagating hydraulic fractures. In this study, we propose an iterativeinversion method to characterize fracture-tip advancing behaviors using LF-DASdata. A forward geomechanical model is developed using the three-dimensionaldisplacement discontinuity method, and the optimization is realized by aconjugate gradient method. The performance of the inversion algorithm isdemonstrated using a synthetic case, in which the fracture half-lengthevolution and propagation velocity match well with the reference solutions.Additionally, the averaged fracture cross-section area, fracture volume, andfracturing fluid efficiency can also be estimated, showing good agreements withtrue values of the synthetic case under reasonable assumptions. Then a fieldcase with a single-cluster hydraulic fracturing treatment from the HydraulicFracturing Test Site 2 project (HFTS2) is studied. Our analysis of theinversion results reveal that the fracture propagates intermittently, asevidenced by the fracture half-length evolution. This unique field evidence canguide modeling efforts to incorporate this important physical behavior intofracture models, and the secondary information gathered from the study,including fracture cross-section area and volume, can help evaluate andoptimize fracturing efficiency.

Enhancing Understanding of Hydraulic Fracture Tip Advancement through Inversion of Low-Frequency Distributed Acoustic Sensing Data