English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Electroactive polymers (EAP) are smart materials that can be used asactuators, sensors or energy harvesters in many fields. We had previouslystudied an ionic metal-polymer composites (IPMC), which consists in an ionicpolymer film such as Nafion saturated with water and coated on both sides witha thin layer of metal acting as electrodes. This system bends when it issubject to an electric field orthogonal to the film and can thus be used as anactuator. Conversely, the deflection of the film generates a potentialdifference between the electrodes ; the same system can therefore be used as asensor.We have developed a ''continuous medium'' model for this system. Thethermodynamics of linear irreversible processes had enabled us to establish itsconstitutive equations.We are currently interested in a system of closeproperties based on PEDOT, a semiconductor EAP. The central part of the deviceconsists in two interpenetrating polymers playing the role of an ionsreservoir. The PEDOT is polymerized on each side and forms an interpenetratingnetwork with the two other polymers. A pseudo trilayer is obtained, the twoouter layers containing the PEDOT acting as electrodes. It is then saturatedwith an ionic liquid. When the blade thus obtained is placed in an electricfield orthogonal to its faces, the PEDOT undergoes a reduction reaction (ordedoping) on the side of the negative electrode, which attracts cations fromthe central part and therefore swells ; the blade ultimately bends towards thepositive electrode.We have first adapted our model to this two-componentssystem : the cations on the one hand, and the three polymers and the anions onthe other hand. We have written its balance equations and thermodynamicrelations first at the microscopic scale for each phase, then at themacroscopic scale for the whole material using an averaging technique. Thethermodynamics of linear irreversible processes then provides its constitutiverelations : a Kelvin - Voigt type stress-strain relation and generalizedFourier's and Darcy's laws. The equations obtained were applied to the case ofa cantilevered blade subject to a continuous potential difference at constanttemperature. The numerical resolution of the equations system enabled us todraw the profiles of the different quantities, which are very steep functionsnear the electrodes. We also evaluated the tip displacement and the force thatmust be exerted on the free end of the beam to prevent its displacement(blocking force). The results obtained are in good agreement with theexperimental data published in the literature.

Modeling of the bending of an electroactive pseudo trilayer based on PEDOT, a semiconductor polymer