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Flexible Cu2ZnSn(S, Se)4 (CZTSSe) solar cells take the advantages ofenvironmental friendliness, low cost, and multi-scenario applications, and havedrawn extensive attention in recent years. Compared with rigid devices, thelack of alkali metal elements in the flexible substrate is the main factorlimiting the performance of flexible CZTSSe solar cells. This work proposes aRb ion additive strategy to simultaneously regulate the CZTSSe film surfaceproperties and the CdS chemical bath deposition (CBD) processes. Material andchemical characterization reveals that Rb ions can passivate the detrimentalSe0 cluster defect and additionally provide a more active surface for the CdSepitaxial growth. Furthermore, Rb can also coordinate with thiourea (TU) in theCBD solution and improve the ion-by-ion deposition of the CdS layer. Finally,the flexible CZTSSe cell fabricated by this strategy has reached a hightotal-area efficiency of 12.63% (active-area efficiency of 13.2%), with its VOCand FF reaching 538 mV and 0.70, respectively. This work enriches the alkalimetal passivation strategies and provides new ideas for further improvingflexible CZTSSe solar cells in the future.

Heterojunction interface regulation to realize high-performance flexible Kesterite solar cells