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Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) bring various benefits to thecurrent and upcoming wireless networks, including enhanced spectrum and energyefficiency, soft handover, transmission reliability, and even localizationaccuracy. These remarkable improvements result from the reconfigurability,programmability, and adaptation capabilities of RISs for fine-tuning radiopropagation environments, which can be realized in a cost- and energy-efficientmanner. In this paper, we focus on the upgrade of the existing fifth-generation(5G) cellular network with the introduction of an RIS owning a full-dimensionaluniform planar array structure for unleashing advanced three-dimensionalconnectivity. The deployed RIS is exploited for serving unmanned aerialvehicles (UAVs) flying in the sky with ultra-high data rate, a challenging taskto be achieved with conventional base stations (BSs) that are designed mainlyto serve ground users. By taking into account the line-of-sight probability forthe RIS-UAV and BS-UAV links, we formulate the average achievable rate, analyzethe effect of environmental parameters, and make insightful performancecomparisons. Simulation results show that the deployment of RISs can bringimpressive gains and significantly outperform conventional RIS-free 5Gnetworks.

Unleashing 3D Connectivity in Beyond 5G Networks with Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces