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The objective was to determine the effect of pulse rate on the sensitivity touse interaural-time-difference (ITD) cues and to explore the mechanisms behindrate-dependent degradation in ITD perception in bilateral cochlear implant (CI)listeners using CI simulations and electroencephalogram (EEG) measures. Toeliminate the impact of CI stimulation artifacts and to develop protocols forthe ongoing bilateral CI studies, upper-frequency limits for both behavior andEEG responses were obtained from normal hearing (NH) listeners usingsinusoidal-amplitude-modulated (SAM) tones and filtered clicks with changes ineither fine structure ITD or envelope ITD. Multiple EEG responses wererecorded, including the subcortical auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) andcortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) elicited by stimuli onset, offset,and changes. Results indicated that acoustic change complex (ACC) responseselicited by envelope ITD changes were significantly smaller or absent comparedto those elicited by fine structure ITD changes. The ACC morphologies evoked byfine structure ITD changes were similar to onset and offset CAEPs, althoughsmaller than onset CAEPs, with the longest peak latencies for ACC responses andshortest for offset CAEPs. The study found that high-frequency stimuli clearlyelicited subcortical ASSRs, but smaller than those evoked by lower carrierfrequency SAM tones. The 40-Hz ASSRs decreased with increasing carrierfrequencies. Filtered clicks elicited larger ASSRs compared to high-frequencySAM tones, with the order being 40-Hz-ASSR>160-Hz-ASSR>80-Hz-ASSR>320-Hz-ASSRfor both stimulus types. Wavelet analysis revealed a clear interaction betweendetectable transient CAEPs and 40-Hz-ASSRs in the time-frequency domain for SAMtones with a low carrier frequency.

Assessing Rate limits Using Behavioral and Neural Responses of Interaural-Time-Difference Cues in Fine-Structure and Envelope