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Both observations and simulations have shown strong evidence for highlytime-variable star formation in low-mass and/or high-redshift galaxies, whichhas important observational implications because high-redshift galaxy samplesare rest-UV selected and therefore particularly sensitive to the recent starformation. Using a suite of cosmological "zoom-in" simulations at $z>5$ fromthe Feedback in Realistic Environments (FIRE) project, we examine theimplications of bursty star formation histories for observations ofhigh-redshift galaxies with JWST. We characterize how the galaxy observabilitydepends on the star formation history. We also investigate selection effectsdue to bursty star formation on the physical properties measured, such as thegas fraction, specific star formation rate, and metallicity. We find theobservability to be highly time-dependent for galaxies near the survey'slimiting flux due to the SFR variability: as the star formation ratefluctuates, the same galaxy oscillates in and out of the observable sample. Theobservable fraction $f_\mathrm{obs} = 50\%$ at $z \sim 7$ and $M_{\star} \sim10^{8.5}$ to $10^{9}\,M_{\odot}$ for a JWST/NIRCam survey reaching a limitingmagnitude of $m^\mathrm{lim}_\mathrm{AB} \sim 29$-$30$, representative ofsurveys such as JADES and CEERS. JWST-detectable galaxies near the survey limittend to have properties characteristic of galaxies in the bursty phase: onaverage, they show approximately 2.5 times higher cold, dense gas fractions and20 times higher specific star formation rates at a given stellar mass thangalaxies below the rest-UV detection threshold. Our study represents a firststep in quantifying selection effects and the associated biases due to burstystar formation in studying high-redshift galaxy properties.

Seen and unseen: bursty star formation and its implications for observations of high-redshift galaxies with JWST