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Finding a comprehensive and general description of the collective Lamb shiftand cooperative broadening in a radiatively interacting system is along-standing open question. Both, energy levels and decay rates, are modifiedby the exchange of real and virtual photons making up the dipole-dipoleinteraction. We introduce a method to theoretically study weakly-driven,low-excited ensembles of two-level atoms and obtain an analytic description ofthe collective Lamb shift and collective decay rate via a self-consistentformalism including multiple scattering. We predict the dependency of thesequantities, as measurables, on system parameters: the number density of theensemble, the detuning of an external probe field, and the geometry of thesample.

Collective Lamb Shift and Spontaneous Emission of A Dense Atomic Gas