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Fe-based metallic glasses are promising functional materials for advancedmagnetism and sensor fields. Tailoring magnetic performance in amorphousmaterials requires a thorough knowledge of the correlation between structuraldisorder and magnetic order, which remains ambiguous. Two practicaldifficulties remain: the first is directly observing subtle magnetic structuralchanges on multiple scales, and the second is precisely regulating the variousamorphous states. Here we propose a novel approach to tailor the amorphousstructure through the liquid liquid phase transition. In-situ synchrotrondiffraction has unraveled a medium-range ordering process dominated byedge-sharing cluster connectivity during the liquid-liquid phase transition.Moreover, nanodomains with topological order have been found to exist incomposition with liquid-liquid phase transition, manifesting as hexagonalpatterns in small-angle neutron scattering profiles. The liquid-liquid phasetransition can induce the nanodomains to be more locally ordered, generatingstronger exchange interactions due to the reduced Fe-Fe bond and the enhancedstructural order, leading to the increment of saturation magnetization.Furthermore, the increased local heterogeneity in the medium range scaleenhances the magnetic anisotropy, promoting the permeability response underapplied stress and leading to a better stress-impedance effect. Theseexperimental results pave the way to tailor the magnetic structure andperformance through the liquid-liquid phase transition.

Evolution of medium-range order and its correlation with magnetic nanodomains in Fe-Dy-B-Nb bulk metallic glasses