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Social media has expanded in its use, and reach, since the inception of earlysocial networks in the early 2000s. Increasingly, users turn to social mediafor keeping up to date with current affairs and information. However, socialmedia is increasingly used to promote disinformation and cause harm. In thiscontribution, we argue that as information (eco)systems, social media sites arevulnerable from three aspects, each corresponding to the classical 3-tierarchitecture in information systems: asymmetric networks (data tier);algorithms powering the supposed personalisation for the user experience(application tier); and adverse or audacious design of the user experience andoverall information ecosystem (presentation tier) - which can be summarized asthe 3 A's. Thus, the open question remains: how can we 'fix' social media? Wewill unpack suggestions from various allied disciplines - from philosophy todata ethics to social psychology - in untangling the 3A's above.

Social Media Harms as a Trilemma: Asymmetry, Algorithms, and Audacious Design Choices