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Magnetic bioactive glass ceramic (MGC) powders have been synthesized by solgel route by systematically substituting silicon dioxide with iron oxide in the45S5 glass composition. Powder x-ray diffraction studies revealed a variationin the percentage of combeite (Ca$_2$Na$_2$Si$_3$O$_9$), magnetite(Fe$_3$O$_4$), and hematite (Fe$_2$O$_3$) nanocrystalline phases in MGC powdersas a function of composition. Zeta potential measurements showed that MGCcontaining up to 10 wt.% iron oxide formed stable suspensions. Saturationmagnetization and heat generation capacity of MGC fluids increased withincrease in iron oxide content. Degradation of MGC powders was investigated inphosphate buffer saline (PBS). In vitro bioactivity of the MGC powders taken inpellet form was confirmed by observing the pH variation as well ashydroxyapatite layer (HAp) formation upon soaking in modified simulated bodyfluid. These studies showed a decrement in overall bioactivity in samples withhigh iron oxide content due to the proportional decrease in silanol group.Monitoring the proliferation of MG-63 osteoblast cell in Dulbecco's ModifiedEagle Medium (DMEM) revealed that MGC with up to 10 wt.% iron oxide exhibitedacceptable viability. The systematic study revealed that the MGC with 10 wt.%iron oxide exhibited optimal cell viability, magnetic properties and inductionheating capacity which were better than those of FluidMag-CT, which is used forhyperthermia treatment.

Assessment of sol-gel derived iron oxide substituted 45S5 bioglass-ceramics for biomedical applications