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Cave climatology and its impact on contemporary biogeochemical cycles arestill poorly documented. Ventilation in karst environment plays a fundamentalrole in these two fields and its understanding could bring elements to studythem. However, only a few cavers have tried to understand and describe it, veryoften in a qualitative way or by theoretical approaches. The aim of this studyis to test physical concepts with empirical data. For this purpose, aventilation model has been built and compared with field temperature and airvelocity measurements in the Milandre Cave Laboratory (Switzerland). The modelexplains about 95% of the measured airflow thus confirming the major role oftemperature on the air dynamics. However, these first results also reveal thatthe measured winter air flow is lower than predicted by the model and that theair flow reversal occurs at a lower temperature than anticipated. Combined witha forced ventilation experiment these results underline the influence of theatmospheric composition (particularly the water vapor and concentration inCO$_2$ and O$_2$), waterflow rates and network geometry on the air flow. Thiswork paves the way for a better quantification of heat and mass fluxes inrelation to underground ventilation.

Ventilation regime in a karstic system (Milandre Cave, Switzerland)