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Kagome lattice materials offer a fertile ground to discover novel quantumphases of matter, ranging from unconventional superconductivity and quantumspin liquids to charge orders of various profiles. However, understanding thegenuine origin of the quantum phases in kagome materials is often challenging,owing to the intertwined atomic, electronic, and structural degrees of freedom.Here, we combine angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, phonon modecalculation, and chemical doping to elucidate the driving mechanism of theroot3*root3 charge order in a newly discovered kagome metal ScV6Sn6. Incontrast to the case of the archetype kagome system AV3Sb5 (A= K, Rb, Cs), thevan Hove singularities in ScV6Sn6 remain intact across the charge ordertransition, indicating a marginal role of the electronic instability from the Vkagome lattice. Instead, we identified a three-dimensional band with dominantplanar Sn character opening a large charge order gap of 260 meV and stronglyreconstructing the Fermi surface. Our complementary phonon dispersioncalculations further emphasize the role of the structural components other thanthe V kagome lattice by revealing the unstable planar Sn and Sc phonon modesassociated to the root3*root3 phase. Finally, in the constructed phase diagramof Sc(V1-xCrx)6Sn6, the charge order remains robust in a wide doping range x =0 ~ 0.10 against the Fermi level shift up to ~ 120 meV, further making theelectronic scenarios such as Fermi surface or saddle point nesting unlikely.Our multimodal investigations demonstrate that the physics of ScV6Sn6 isfundamentally different from the canonical kagome metal AV3Sb5, uncovering anew mechanism to induce symmetry-breaking phase transition in kagome latticematerials.

Nature of charge density wave in kagome metal ScV6Sn6