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In the age of information explosion, the conventional optical communicationprotocols are rapidly reaching the limits of their capacity, as almost allavailable degrees of freedom (e.g., wavelength, polarization) for divisionmultiplexing have been explored to date. Recent advances in coherent modedivision multiplexing have greatly facilitated high-speed opticalcommunications and secure, high-capacity information storage and transfer.However, coherent mode division multiplexing is quite vulnerable to even minuteenvironmental disturbances which can cause significant information loss. Here,we propose and experimentally demonstrate a paradigm shift to incoherent modedivision multiplexing for high-security optical information encryption byharnessing the degree of coherence of structured random light beams. Incontrast to the conventional techniques, our approach does not require modeorthogonality to circumnavigate unwanted mode crosstalk. In addition, ourprotocol has, in principle, no upper bound on its capacity. Thanks to theextreme robustness of structured random light to external perturbations, we areable to achieve highly accurate information encryption and decryption in theadverse environment. The proposed protocol opens new horizons in an array offields, such as optical communications and cryptography, and it can be relevantfor information processing with acoustical, matter as well as other types ofwaves.

Incoherent mode division multiplexing for high-security information encryption