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Metasurfaces have extensive potential in acoustic cloaking, opticalscattering, and electromagnetic antenna due to their unprecedented propertiesand the ability to conform to curved substrates. Active metasurfaces haveattracted significant research attention because of their on-demand tunableproperties and performances through shape reconfigurations. They normallyachieve active properties through internal structural deformations, which oftenlead to changes in overall dimensions. This also demands the correspondingalterations of the conforming substrate, which could be a significantlimitation for their practical applications. To date, achieving area-preservingactive metasurfaces with distinct shape reconfigurations remains a prominentchallenge. In this paper, we present magneto-mechanical bilayer metasurfacesthat demonstrate area density tunability with area-preserving capability. Thebilayer metasurfaces primarily consist of two arrays of magnetic soft materialswith distinct magnetization distributions. Under an external magnetic field,each layer behaves differently, which allows the metasurface to reconfigure itsshape into multiple modes and thus significantly tune its area density withoutchanging its overall dimensions. The area-preserving multimodal shapereconfigurations are further exploited as active acoustic wave regulators totune bandgaps and wave propagations. The bilayer approach thus provides a newconcept to design area-preserving active metasurfaces for broader practicalapplications.

Magneto-Mechanical Bilayer Metasurface with Global Area-Preserving Density Tunability for Acoustic Wave Regulation