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Recent years have seen multiple high-throughput studies reveal an immensenumber of topological materials through use of symmetry indicators. Despitethis success, three-dimensional topological insulators (TI) admitting aband-gap larger than Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$ and two-dimensional TIs admitting a bandgap larger than $\beta$-bismuthene, two of the originally proposed TIs, remainextremely rare. Simultaneously, a significant effort has been made tounderstand and identify topological phases ``invisible" to symmetry indicators.Such phases offer a unique opportunity to expand the search for a largeband-gap TI, however their identification requires sophisticated probes of bulktopology. Magnetic flux tubes or vortices have emerged as one such probe intwo-dimensions when inserted into the bulk. In this work, we develop anautomated workflow to perform vortex insertion and apply it to a currentdatabase of high-quality, experimentally realized, two-dimensional insulators.The results reveal multiple novel two-dimensional topological insulatorssupporting large bands gaps, including the 1H-MX$_{2}$ (M=Mo,W) and (X=S,Se,Te)family of transition metal dichalcogenides. Our work has broad implications forcurrent theoretical and experimental efforts to employ these materials insuperconducting and Moire systems.

Solitons and real-space screening of bulk topology of quantum materials