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Nonequilibrium states of quantum materials can exhibit exotic properties andenable novel functionality and applications. These transient states are thoughtto be highly inhomogeneous, involving metastable, self-organized, topologicallyprotected structures, which are inaccessible by most time-resolvedmeasurements. Using ultrafast total x-ray scattering at a free electron laserand a sophisticated scaling analysis, we gain unique access to the dynamics onthe relevant mesoscopic length scales. Our results show that ultrafastexcitation of LaTe$_3$ leads to formation of vortex strings of the chargedensity wave, which exhibit anomalous, subdiffusive dynamics. These findingsprovide rare insight into the nonequilibrium mesoscopic response in a quantummaterial and establish a general framework to investigate properties oftopological defects, which can arrest equilibration and enhance competingorders.

Subdiffusive Dynamics of Topological Vortex Strings of a Charge Density Wave