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Purpose: This study aims to propose a model-based reconstruction algorithmfor simultaneous multi-slab diffusion MRI acquired with blipped-CAIPI gradients(blipped-SMSlab), which can also incorporate distortion correction.  Methods: We formulate blipped-SMSlab in a 4D k-space with kz gradients forthe intra-slab slice encoding and km (blipped-CAIPI) gradients for theinter-slab encoding. Because kz and km gradients share the same physical axis,the blipped-CAIPI gradients introduce phase interference in the z-km domainwhile motion induces phase variations in the kz-m domain. Thus, our previousk-space-based reconstruction would need multiple steps to transform data backand forth between k-space and image space for phase correction. Here we proposea model-based hybrid-space reconstruction algorithm to correct the phase errorssimultaneously. Moreover, the proposed algorithm is combined with distortioncorrection, and jointly reconstructs data acquired with the blip-up/downacquisition to reduce the g-factor penalty.  Results: The blipped-CAIPI-induced phase interference is corrected by thehybrid-space reconstruction. Blipped-CAIPI can reduce the g-factor penaltycompared to the non-blipped acquisition in the basic reconstruction.Additionally, the joint reconstruction simultaneously corrects the imagedistortions and improves the 1/g-factors by around 50%. Furthermore, throughthe joint reconstruction, SMSlab acquisitions without the blipped-CAIPIgradients also show comparable correction performance with blipped-SMSlab.  Conclusion: The proposed model-based hybrid-space reconstruction canreconstruct blipped-SMSlab diffusion MRI successfully. Its extension to a jointreconstruction of the blip-up/down acquisition can correct EPI distortions andfurther reduce the g-factor penalty compared with the separate reconstruction.

Hybrid-space reconstruction with add-on distortion correction for simultaneous multi-slab diffusion MRI