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Crystals spontaneously break the continuous translation symmetry in space,despite the invariance of the underlying energy function. This has triggeredsuggestions of time crystals analogously lifting translational invariance intime. Originally suggested for closed thermodynamic systems in equilibrium,no-go theorems prevent the existence of time crystals. Proposals for opensystems out of equilibrium led to the observation of discrete time crystalssubject to external periodic driving to which they respond with a sub-harmonicresponse. A continuous time crystal is an autonomous system that developsperiodic auto-oscillations when exposed to a continuous, time-independentdriving, as recently demonstrated for the density in an atomic Bose-Einsteincondensate with a crystal lifetime of a few ms. Here we demonstrate anultra-robust continuous time crystal in the nonlinear electron-nuclear spinsystem of a tailored semiconductor with a coherence time exceeding hours.Varying the experimental parameters reveals huge stability ranges of this timecrystal, but allows one also to enter chaotic regimes, where aperiodic behaviorappears corresponding to melting of the crystal. This novel phase of matteropens the possibility to study systems with nonlinear interactions in anunprecedented way.

Continuous time crystal in an electron-nuclear spin system: stability and melting of periodic auto-oscillations