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Nanoscale multi-phase microstructures observed in multi-principal elementalloys (MPEAs) such as $\rm AlMo_{0.5}NbTa_{0.5}TiZr$, $\rmAl_{0.5}NbTa_{0.8}Ti_{1.5}V_{0.2}Zr$, $\rm TiZrNbTa$, $\rm AlCoCrFeNi$ and $\rmFe_{15}Co_{15}Ni_{20}Mn_{20}Cu_{30}$ that exhibit promising mechanical orfunctional properties may have evolved through spinodal-mediated phasetransformation pathways (PTPs). The microstructures in such MPEA systems couldbe further engineered for targeted applications by appropriately designing thealloy composition and heat-treatment schedule. In this study, we investigatesystematically how different heat treatment schedules such as single-stepisothermal aging, two-step isothermal aging and continuous cooling alter theinterplay among the various factors associated with alloy composition, such asvolume fraction of individual phases, lattice misfit and modulus mismatchbetween the co-existing phases. We have determined the degree to which thesefactors influence significantly the spinodal-mediated PTPs and thecorresponding microstructures by use of high-throughput phase-fieldsimulations. In particular, we demonstrate that the microstructural topology(i.e., which phase forms the continuous matrix and which phase forms discreteprecipitates) in the same MPEA having an asymmetric miscibility gap could beinverted simply by a continuous cooling heat treatment. Further, we reveal arich variety of novel hierarchical microstructures that could be designed usingtwo-step isothermal aging heat treatments in MPEA systems with symmetric orasymmetric miscibility gaps. These simulation results may shed light on novelmicrostructure design and engineering for the above-mentioned MPEA systems.

Microstructural engineering by heat treatments of multi-principal element alloys via spinodal mediated phase transformation pathways