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This paper presents a study of an integrated satellite-terrestrial network,where Low-Earth-Orbit (LEO) satellites are used to provide the backhaul linkbetween base stations (BSs) and the core network. The mobility of LEOsatellites raises the challenge of determining the optimal association betweenLEO satellites, BSs, and users (UEs). The goal is to satisfy the UE demandwhile ensuring load balance and optimizing the capacity of the serving linkbetween the BS and the LEO satellite. To tackle this complex optimizationproblem, which involves mixed-integer non-convex programming, we propose aniterative algorithm that leverages approximation and relaxation methods. Theproposed solution aims to find the optimal two-tier satellite-BS-UEassociation, sub-channel assignment, power and bandwidth allocation in theshortest possible time, fulfilling the requirements of the integratedsatellite-terrestrial network.

Two-tier User Association and Resource Allocation Design for Integrated Satellite-Terrestrial Networks