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Light (anti-) nuclei are a powerful tool both in collider physics andastrophysics. In searches for new and exotic physics, the expected smallastrophysical backgrounds at low energies make these antinuclei ideal probesfor, e.g., dark matter. At the same time, their composite structure and smallbinding energies imply that they can be used in collider experiments to probethe hadronisation process and two-particle correlations. For the properinterpretation of such experimental studies, an improved theoreticalunderstanding of (anti-) nuclei production in specific kinematic regions anddetector setups is needed. In this work, we develop a coalescence framework for(anti-) deuteron production which accounts for both the emission volume andmomentum correlations on an event-by-event basis. This framework goes beyondthe equal-time approximation, which has been commonly assumed in femtoscopyexperiments and (anti-) nucleus production models until now. Using PYTHIA~8 asan event generator, we find that the equal-time approximation leads to an errorof O(10%) in low-energy processes like $\Upsilon$ decays, while the errors arenegligible at LHC energies. The framework introduced in this work paves the wayfor tuning event generators to (anti-) nuclei measurements.

The effect of non-equal emission times and space-time correlations on (anti-) nuclei production