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We theoretically investigate photothermal heating of ultra-flexiblemetamaterials, which are obtained by randomly mixing TiN nanoparticles inpolydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Due to the plasmonic properties of TiNnanoparticles, incident light is perfectly absorbed in a broadband range(300-3000 nm) to generate heat within these metamaterials. Under irradiation ofan 808 nm near-infrared laser with different intensities, our predictedtemperature rises as a function of time agree well with recent experimentaldata. For a given laser intensity, the temperature rise variesnon-monotonically with concentration of TiN nanoparticles because theenhancement of thermal conductivity and absorbed energy as adding plasmonicnanostructures leads to opposite effects on the heating process. When the modelis extended to solar heating, photothermal behaviors are qualitatively similarbut the temperature increase is less than 13 $K$. Our studies would providegood guidance for future experimental studies on the photo-to-heat conversionof broadband perfect absorbers.

Photo-to-heat conversion of broadband metamaterial absorbers based on TiN nanoparticles under laser and solar illumination