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Electrofuels (e-fuels) produced from renewable electricity and carbon sourceshave gained significant attention in recent years as promising alternatives tofossil fuels for the transportation sector. However, the highly volatilee-fuels, such as short-chain oxymethylene ethers are prone to flashvaporization phenomena, which is associated with the formation and growth ofvapor bubbles, followed by explosive bursting of the liquid jet. The simulationof a flash boiling spray of such highly volatile liquid fuels in the context ofautomotive or cryogenic engines is numerically challenging due to severalreasons, including (1) the complexity of the bubble growth process in thepresence of multiple vapor bubbles and (2) the need to use an extremely smalltime step size to accurately capture the underlying physics associated with theflash boiling process. In this paper, we first present a bubble growth model inflash boiling microdroplets considering bubble interactions along with thefinite droplet size effects. Based on the dimensional analysis of the newlyderived Rayleigh Plesset equation, a simplified semi-analytical solution forbubble growth, which also includes the bubble interactions, is then derived toestimate the bubble growth behavior with reasonable accuracy using the largertime step sizes for a wide range of operating conditions. The derivedsemi-analytical solution is shown to be a good approximation for describing thebubble growth rate over the whole lifetime of the bubble. The bubbleinteractions are found to delay the onset of droplet bursting due to the slowergrowth of the vapor bubble compared to the bubble growth without bubbleinteractions. Furthermore, in a comparison with DNS results, the proposedbubble growth model is shown to reasonably capture the impact of bubbleinteractions leading to smaller volumetric droplet expansion.

Dimensional Analysis of Vapor Bubble Growth Considering Bubble-bubble  Interactions in Flash Boiling Microdroplets of Highly Volatile Liquid  Electrofuels