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Sedimentation and centrifugation can be used to sort particles by size, usinga multistep (multicascade) method in which particles in the sediment areremoved and the content of the supernatant is processed again, repeating thecycle several times. This paper proposes a theoretical analysis of thisprocess, based on a one-dimensional model, with a view to identify parametersthat are optimal to obtain a relatively monodispersed suspension, starting froma log-normal particle size distribution. We found that a rational choice of thesedimentation/centrifugation time enables to control the amount of particlesoutside of the desired size range (impurities). Surprisingly, the multistepmethod does not converge, as multiple steps are worse than 2 steps. Bandsedimentation, in which a particle-rich layer is overlaid on clear fluid,offers substantial benefits in terms of impurity reduction with respect tostarting from a completely mixed situation. An application to graphenefractionation is discussed.

Analysis and optimization of a multicascade method for the size fractionation of poly-dispersed particle systems via sedimentation or centrifugation