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In this paper we exploit market features proper of a leading Russiancybercrime market for user impersonation at scale to evaluate attackerpreferences when purchasing stolen user profiles, and the overall economicactivity of the market. We run our data collection over a period of $161$ daysand collect data on a sample of $1'193$ sold user profiles out of $11'357$advertised products in that period and their characteristics. We estimate amarket trade volume of up to approximately $700$ profiles per day,corresponding to estimated daily sales of up to $4'000$ USD and an overallmarket revenue within the observation period between $540k$ and $715k$ USD. Wefind profile provision to be rather stable over time and mainly focused onEuropean profiles, whereas actual profile acquisition varies significantlydepending on other profile characteristics. Attackers' interests focusdisproportionally on profiles of certain types, including those originating inNorth America and featuring $crypto$ resources. We model and evaluate therelative importance of different profile characteristics in the final decisionof an attacker to purchase a profile, and discuss implications for defenses andrisk evaluation.

Know Your Cybercriminal: Evaluating Attacker Preferences by Measuring  Profile Sales on an Active, Leading Criminal Market for User Impersonation at  Scale