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Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) are expected to be a critical component of 6thGeneration (6G) networks, providing ubiquitous, continuous, and scalableservices. Satellites emerge as the primary enabler for NTN, leveraging theirextensive coverage, stable orbits, scalability, and adherence to internationalregulations. However, satellite-based NTN presents unique challenges, includinglong propagation delay, high Doppler shift, frequent handovers, spectrumsharing complexities, and intricate beam and resource allocation, among others.The integration of NTNs into existing terrestrial networks in 6G introduces arange of novel challenges, including task offloading, network routing, networkslicing, and many more. To tackle all these obstacles, this paper proposesArtificial Intelligence (AI) as a promising solution, harnessing its ability tocapture intricate correlations among diverse network parameters. We begin byproviding a comprehensive background on NTN and AI, highlighting the potentialof AI techniques in addressing various NTN challenges. Next, we present anoverview of existing works, emphasizing AI as an enabling tool forsatellite-based NTN, and explore potential research directions. Furthermore, wediscuss ongoing research efforts that aim to enable AI in satellite-based NTNthrough software-defined implementations, while also discussing the associatedchallenges. Finally, we conclude by providing insights and recommendations forenabling AI-driven satellite-based NTN in future 6G networks.

Revolutionizing Future Connectivity: A Contemporary Survey on AI-empowered Satellite-based Non-Terrestrial Networks in 6G