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Physical-layer authentication is a popular alternative to the conventionalkey-based authentication for internet of things (IoT) devices due to theirlimited computational capacity and battery power. However, this approach haslimitations due to poor robustness under channel fluctuations, reconciliationoverhead, and no clear safeguard distance to ensure the secrecy of thegenerated authentication keys. In this regard, we propose a novel, secure, andlightweight continuous authentication scheme for IoT device authentication. Ourscheme utilizes the inherent properties of the IoT devices' transmission modelas its source for seed generation and device authentication. Specifically, ourproposed scheme provides continuous authentication by checking the access timeslots and spreading sequences of the IoT devices instead of repeatedlygenerating and verifying shared keys. Due to this, access to a coherent key isnot required in our proposed scheme, resulting in the concealment of the seedinformation from attackers. Our proposed authentication scheme for IoT devicesdemonstrates improved performance compared to the benchmark schemes relying onphysical channels. Our empirical results find a near threefold decrease in themisdetection rate of illegitimate devices and close to zero false alarm rate invarious system settings with varied numbers of active devices up to 200 andsignal-to-noise ratio from 0 dB to 25 dB. Our proposed authentication schemealso has a lower computational complexity of at least half the computationalcost of the benchmark schemes based on support vector machine and binaryhypothesis testing in our studies. This further corroborates the practicalityof our scheme for IoT deployments.

Access-based Lightweight Physical Layer Authentication for the Internet of Things Devices